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Old English underwent many vowel shifts, and early in its history, velar consonants were palatalized. ==Phonetic transcription== Various conventions are used below for describing Old English words, reconstructed parent forms of various sorts and reconstructed Proto-West-Germanic (PWG), Proto-Germanic (PG) and Proto-Indo-European (PIE) forms: *Forms in ''italics'' denote either Old English words as they appear in spelling or reconstructed forms of various sorts. Where phonemic ambiguity occurs in Old English spelling, extra diacritics are used (ċ, ġ, ā, ǣ, ē, ī, ō, ū, ȳ). *Forms between /slashes/ or () indicate, respectively, broad (phonemic) or narrow (allophonic) pronunciation. Sounds are indicated using standard IPA notation. The following table indicates the correspondence between spelling and pronunciation transcribed in the International Phonetic Alphabet: 1See the section on consonant allophones for a description of the allophones of ''g'' and ''ġ'' and when they occurred. 2Proto-Germanic /b d g/ had two allophones each: stops and fricatives . The stops occurred: #following a nasal; #when geminated; #word-initially, for /b/ and /d/ only; #following /l/, for /d/ only. (By West Germanic times, /d/ was pronounced as a stop () in all positions.) The fricative allophones are sometimes indicated in reconstructed forms to make it easier to understand the development of Old English consonants. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Phonological history of Old English」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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